The World Day of Remembrance for Road Traffic Victims is commemorated on the third Sunday of November each year. But for those who have lost loved ones to road crashes, every day is a reminder of a preventable tragedy, writes a mother who started a road safety foundation after a carelessly driven school bus in Jaipur killed her teenage daughter
Fatal Road Crashes in South Asia: From Preventable to Preventing
By Dr Mridul Bhasin
In 1999, my 17-year old daughter was killed by an out-of-control bus . The driver had previous infractions of drunk driving. There were several bystanders and passers-by, but no one stopped to help.
It is still difficult to think about this profoundly tragic experience.
Who or what should we blame in these instances? The driver who was directly responsible? Or the government, which failed to enforce traffic rules and keep dangerous drivers off the road, or our societal road safety norms which promote risky behavior and have no provisions for when accidents occur?
When we think of the sheer number of human lives lost in road traffic accidents in the Southasia* region, we begin to realize that we need to build our own road safety infrastructure using shared policy initiatives and best practices.
The region is home to an estimated 1.7 billion people, representing around 25 percent of the world’s population and also accounts for 25 percent of the world’s road crash fatalities. This, although it is the world’s least urbanized region, with only 10 percent of the world’s vehicles.
Southasia is aspirational in terms of economic progress, acquisition of transport vehicles and development of roads. Its automobile market is one of the fastest growing in the world with automobile manufacturers eying the region to increase sales. Despite this projected growth, the region struggles to implement meaningful countermeasures to automobile related injuries and deaths.
The WHO estimates that about 1.3 million people lose their lives every year to road traffic crashes. Low and middle income countries bear a disproportionate share in this, with 93% percent of the fatalities taking place in the Southasian region.
The role of non-governmental organizations in mitigating the issue is essential, especially in developing countries. As governments balance competing priorities, NGOs have made increasing headway in promoting road safety measures.
The WHO in collaboration with the Alliance for NGOs has even published a guidebook, Advocating for Emergency Care: A Guide for Non-governmental organizations (2023).
After our daughter’s passing, my husband and I started the Muskaan Foundation for Road Safety , with the aim of building a culture of safety on roads through Awareness, Education, Training and Advocacy.
While road safety is not a current priority for India’s government or politicians, as part of civil society, we’ve learned to emphasize and fight for it.
Awareness is key to changing public opinion in favor of road safety legislation. For instance, in 2012, the SaveLIFE Foundation initiated a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in Rajasthan, requesting the Supreme Court of India to safeguard those who help the injured. In 2016, the Supreme Court gave "force of law" to the guidelines issued by the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways that protectsGood Samaritans.
The Good Samaritan Law protects any “good Samaritan” from police and legal procedural hassles and thus encourages speedy help to any road accident victim or any victim of a disaster by bystanders. This was made possible through exemplary legal advocacy by social entrepreneur Piyush Tiwari who heads the SaveLIFE Foundation.
>> EMBED VIDEO: Piyush Tiwari message on road safety
https://youtu.be/Ofpxia6PlZw <<<
The Supreme Court ruling is now law for the whole nation and the ministry issued a notification to all states to implement it. Muskaan has worked persistently to ensure that the ruling gets implemented in our state of Rajasthan.
By collaborating and sharing expertise and best practices, Southasian countries can reduce these numbers. The World Bank Group study on the trade corridors of the eastern subregion of Southasia highlight the commonalities that represent the factors which undermine road safety in the area. These findings, published in the guide book, note that:
- Road safety risks in regional trade corridors reflecting network-wide risks.
- Regional crash data management and analysis tools are generally poor quality. There are a few exceptions in certain states of India.
- Regional trade corridor infrastructure is unsafe and functionally deficient.
- The wide variety of vehicles—in terms of both size and speed undermines road safety.
- Unsafe road user behaviors, like speeding, the nonuse of seat belts and safety helmets, unsafe overtaking, wrong-way driving, thenonuse of vehicle lights, risky road crossing by pedestrians, heavy vehicle overloading, and driver fatigue.
The humanitarian aim to improve emergency care must precede other changes that have to be brought to ensure safer roads in any country in the region. Implementing the steps laid out in the WHO guidebook can help reduce casualties resulting from a lack of infrastructure in emergency care. It provides step by step guidance about what can be done and how well-meaning organizations can bring about a change in the emergency care system in Southasian countries.
EMBED VIDEO - Muskaan/Sapan road safety song #StreetsForLife
Streets for Life (Song) #Roadsafety
(Mridul Bhasin is a longtime social activist, writer and translator. She holds a PhD in American Literature from Emory University, Atlanta and is a co-founder and trustee of the Muskaan Foundation for Road Safety in Jaipur, India. Email: jaipurmuskaan@gmail.com .)
*Southasia: Borrowing from Himal Southasian, Sapan uses ‘Southasia’ as one word, “seeking to restore some of the historical unity of our common living space, without wishing any violence on the existing nation-states.”
HYPERLINKS used in the piece
- killed by an out-of-control bus - https://sapannews.com/2022/06/14/lack-of-effective-road-safety-programmes-is-a-major-public-health-concern/
- Muskaan Foundation for Road Safety - https://www.muskaanforroadsafety.com/
- implement meaningful countermeasures - https://sapannews.com/2022/06/14/lack-of-effective-road-safety-programmes-is-a-major-public-health-concern/
- 1.3 million people lose their lives every year - https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/road-traffic-injuries
- Advocating for Emergency Care: A Guide for Non-governmental organizations - http://who.int/publications/i/item/9789240064317
- SaveLIFE Foundation - https://savelifefoundation.org/
- "force of law" - https://savelifefoundation.org/gsl-microsite/
- Good Samaritan Law - https://morth.nic.in/good-samaritan
- Supreme Court ruling - https://www.bloomberg.org/blog/how-india-got-its-good-samaritan-law
