From the translation by Muhammad
Asad (Leopold Weiss)
About the translator:
Muhammad Asad, Leopold Weiss, was born of Jewish
parents in Livow, Austria (later Poland) in 1900,
and at the age of 22 made his first visit to the
Middle East. He later became an outstanding foreign
correspondent for the Franfurter Zeitung, and after
years of devoted study he became one of the leading
Muslim scholars of our age. His translation of the
Holy Qur'an is one of the most lucid and well-referenced
works in this category, and dedicated to “li-qawmin
yatafakkaroon” (people who think).
Chapter 67, verses 1-3
Hallowed be He in whose hands all dominion rests,
since He has the power to will anything: He who
has created death as well as life, [ 1 ] so that
He might put you to a test [and thus show] which
of you is best in conduct, and [make you realize
that] He alone is almighty, truly forgiving.
[Hallowed be] He who has created seven heavens in
full harmony with one another: [ 2 ] no fault wilt
thou see in the creation of the Most Gracious. And
turn thy vision [upon it] once more: canst thou
see any flaw?
Chapter 67, verse 13 - 14
And [know, O men, that] whether you keep your beliefs
secret or state them openly, He has full knowledge
indeed of all that is in [your] hearts. How could
it be that He who has created [all] should not know
[all]? Yea, He alone is unfathomable [in His wisdom],
all-aware!
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Translator’s Notes
[1] Since what is termed “death” is
stated here to be created, it cannot be identical
with “non-existence”, but obviously
must have a positive reality of its own. To my mind,
it connotes, firstly, the inanimate state of existence
preceding the emergence of life in plants or animated
beings; and, secondly, the state of transition from
life as we know it in this world to the –
as yet to us unimaginable- condition of existence
referred to in the Qur’an as the “hereafter”
or “the life to come”.
[ 2 ] The term sama (“heaven” or “sky”
is applied to anything that is spread like a canopy
above any other thing. Thus, the visible skies which
stretch like a vault above the earth and form, as
it were, a canopy, are called sama: and this is
the primary meaning of this term in the Qur’an:
in a wider sense it has the connotation of “cosmic
system”. As regards the “seven heavens”,
it is to be borne in mind that in Arabic usage –
and apparently in other Semitic languages as well
– the number “seven” is often
synonymous with “several” (see Lisan
al-Arab), just as “seven” or “seven
hundred” often means “many” or
“very many” (Taj al-Arus). This, taken
together with the accepted linguistic definition
that “every sama is a sama with regard to
what is below it” (Raghib), may explain the
“seven heavens” as denoting the multiplicity
of cosmic systems.